The idea of social development is impossible to disentangle with the idea of the economic & lifestyle of human society. It focuses on the overall development of all sections of society.
Bilance in 1997 stated- “Social Development is the promotion of a sustainable society that is worthy of human dignity by empowering marginalized groups, women and men, to undertake their own development, to improve their social and economic position and to acquire their rightful place in society”. The government is responsible for social development in all sections of society.
The debate around social development in India heightened with the arrival of neoliberalism before the CSR came into existence as a law. The debate around social development in India heightened with the arrival of neoliberalism before the CSR came into existence as a law. There were issues raised by civil society organizations, people’s movements, independent experts, public intellectuals, and concerned citizens.
Over the past few decades, they continuously postulated people’s right to life and personal liberty around issues of violence by State, non-State and private actors; conflict over common and natural resources; depleting livelihood; denial of voice and visibility in decision making and formulation and implementation of government plans and projects; continuing deprivation of access to quality education for the vast majority of the poor and marginalized; lack of access to quality health care for the poor; project-induced displacement; eviction or the threat of eviction of the most vulnerable; impoverished and insecure communities from forestlands and cityscapes and extreme threat to the safety and security of women.
In India, CSR was a traditional practice seen as a philanthropic activity. For moving this practice from philanthropic activity to community development through various projects, the government of India, in “The Companies Act, 2013” introduced the idea of CSR in Section 8 of the Act by listing out the CSR activities & suggesting the communities to be on the focal point. This act included the contribution of 2% of the average net profit of the companies yielding a net worth of INR 500 crore & more, or a net profit of INR 5 crore & more, or an annual turnover of INR 1,000 crore & more for making a balanced approach towards social, economic & environmental progress.
Coming towards the realities and figures, since the CSR laws were brought vigorously in India, the corporate community had spent approximately INR 47,000 crores in the last four years (2016-17, 2018-19) by contributing to diverse social projects across the country by 12,000 crores per year.
As per Crisil CSR Year book 2019, the bulk of CSR spending — close to 80% — is done by large companies with an annual turnover of Rs 1,500 crore or more. Interestingly, such large companies constituted approximately 30% of the overall eligible population.
The following table shows the CSR spending of companies state-wise.
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The corporates spend their CSR funds in social advancement segments as follows:
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This is the means by which the CSR reserves add to the social turn of events and more corporate’s of the nation should attempt to present the benefits in zones, for example, Education, Poverty, Gender Equality, and Hunger as a component of any CSR consistency for the general public by flourishing towards the advancement of the country.
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